Make it work

There was no need to have a timer do the key group switching routine. Not only would that have to be syncronized to the main loop somehow (or run very slowly),
it's also quite an overhead to keep track of.

Just switching to the next key group after we're done scanning the current one, syncronously, works far better (and faster!).

platformio.ini

@@ -12,6 +12,4 @@
 platform = teensy
 board = teensylc
 framework = arduino
-lib_deps = 
-	thomasfredericks/Bounce2@^2.71
 build_flags = -D USB_MIDI -D TEENSY_OPT_FASTEST

src/main.cpp

@@ -1,50 +1,38 @@
 #include <Arduino.h>
-#include <Bounce2.h>
 
 #define MIDI_NAME {'P', 'i', 'n', 'g', 'b', 'o', 'a', 'r', 'd'}
 #define MIDI_NAME_LEN 9
 
-#define CHECK_PINS 9
+#define KEY_GROUP_NUM 9
 #define KEY_PINS 6
-#define BOUNCE_TIME 5
+#define NUMBER_OF_KEYS 49
+
+#define DEBOUNCE_TIMES 2
+
 #define POWER_SUPPLY_CHECK_PIN 13
 
-#define NUMBER_OF_KEYS 49
+const uint8_t group_pins[KEY_GROUP_NUM] {14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22};
-#define SELF_DRIVE_INTERVAL 100
-
-Bounce check_pins[CHECK_PINS] {
-  {14, BOUNCE_TIME}, // not KEYS1..6
-  {15, BOUNCE_TIME}, // not KEYS7..12
-  {16, BOUNCE_TIME}, // not KEYS13..18
-  {17, BOUNCE_TIME}, // not KEYS19..24
-  {18, BOUNCE_TIME}, // not KEYS25..30
-  {19, BOUNCE_TIME}, // not KEYS31..36
-  {20, BOUNCE_TIME}, // not KEYS37..42
-  {21, BOUNCE_TIME}, // not KEYS43..48
-  {22, BOUNCE_TIME}  // not KEYS49
-};
 
 // not KEY0%6..not KEY5%6
-const unsigned char key_pins[KEY_PINS] {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7};
+const uint8_t key_pins[KEY_PINS] {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7};
 // Array of pressed keys (initially all 0)
-bool keys_pressed[NUMBER_OF_KEYS];
+uint8_t keys_pressed[NUMBER_OF_KEYS];
 // K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K12, K13, K14, K15
-const unsigned char self_drive_pins[CHECK_PINS] {8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 26, 23, 24, 25};
+const uint8_t self_drive_pins[KEY_GROUP_NUM] {8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 26, 23, 24, 25};
-volatile unsigned char curr_self_drive_pin = 0;
+uint8_t current_self_drive_pin = 0;
-IntervalTimer self_drive_timer = IntervalTimer();
 
 // Map the current array and pressed key to a MIDI note
-unsigned char mapToMidi(char curr_arr, char key) {
+uint8_t mapToMidi(uint8_t active_key_group, uint8_t key) {
-  unsigned char offset = (curr_arr >> 1) * 12;
+  uint8_t offset = (active_key_group >> 1) * 12;
-  // TODO: maybe we have to switch the notes and array offsets
+  // case 3 and case 4 are swapped on purpose to reflect circuitry
   // Uneven offset are the upper octave, even the lower
-  if (curr_arr & 1) {
+  if (active_key_group & 1) {
     switch (key) {
       case 0: return offset + 42; // F#2 + offset
       case 1: return offset + 43; // G2 + offset
       case 2: return offset + 44; // G#2 + offset
-      case 3: return offset + 45; // A2 + offset
+      case 4: return offset + 45; // A2 + offset
-      case 4: return offset + 46; // A#2 + offset
+      case 3: return offset + 46; // A#2 + offset
       case 5: return offset + 47; // B2 + offset
     }
   } else {
@@ -52,8 +40,8 @@ unsigned char mapToMidi(char curr_arr, char key) {
       case 0: return offset + 36; // C2 + offset
       case 1: return offset + 37; // C#2 + offset
       case 2: return offset + 38; // D2 + offset
-      case 3: return offset + 39; // D#2 + offset
+      case 4: return offset + 39; // D#2 + offset
-      case 4: return offset + 40; // E2 + offset
+      case 3: return offset + 40; // E2 + offset
       case 5: return offset + 41; // F2 + offset
     }
   }
@@ -63,18 +51,19 @@ unsigned char mapToMidi(char curr_arr, char key) {
 }
 
 // Check if any of the array pins fell since last time
-char findCurrentArrPin() {
+int8_t getActiveKeyGroup() {
-  for (unsigned char i = 0; i < CHECK_PINS; i++) {
+  uint8_t active_groups = 0;
+  int8_t last_active_key_group = -1;
+  for (uint8_t i = 0; i < KEY_GROUP_NUM; i++) {
     // Update status
-    check_pins[i].update();
+    if (digitalReadFast(group_pins[i]) == LOW){
-    // Check if the pin fell or is low
+      last_active_key_group = (int8_t) i;
-    // ! inverted
+      active_groups++;
-    if (check_pins[i].fell()) return i;
+    }
   }
   
-  // If none fell we should have enough time to see which one is low
+  if (active_groups==1){
-  for (unsigned char i = 0; i < CHECK_PINS; i++) {
+    return last_active_key_group;
-    if (check_pins[i].read() == LOW) return i;
   }
 
   // Default return
@@ -84,75 +73,72 @@ char findCurrentArrPin() {
 // Set the next self drive pin
 FASTRUN void nextSelfDrivePin() {
   // Set the current pin to high
-  digitalWriteFast(self_drive_pins[curr_self_drive_pin], HIGH);
+  digitalWriteFast(self_drive_pins[current_self_drive_pin != 0 ? current_self_drive_pin - 1 : KEY_GROUP_NUM - 1], LOW);
+  digitalWriteFast(self_drive_pins[current_self_drive_pin], HIGH);
   // Set the next pin
-  curr_self_drive_pin = (curr_self_drive_pin + 1) % CHECK_PINS;
+  current_self_drive_pin = (current_self_drive_pin + 1) % KEY_GROUP_NUM;
-}
-
-// Interrupt for power supply check
-FASTRUN void powerStateChanged() {
-  unsigned char state = digitalReadFast(POWER_SUPPLY_CHECK_PIN);
-  // ! inverted
-  if (state == LOW) {
-    curr_self_drive_pin = 0;
-    self_drive_timer.begin(nextSelfDrivePin, SELF_DRIVE_INTERVAL);
-  } else {
-    self_drive_timer.end();
-  }
 }
 
 // Initial start function
 void setup() {
   // Set all in- and outputs
-  for (unsigned char i = 0; i < CHECK_PINS; i++) {
+  for (uint8_t i = 0; i < KEY_GROUP_NUM; i++) {
-    pinMode(check_pins[i].getPin(), INPUT);
+    pinMode(group_pins[i], INPUT);
-    pinMode(self_drive_pins[i], INPUT);
+    pinMode(self_drive_pins[i], OUTPUT);
   }
-  for (unsigned char i = 0; i < KEY_PINS; i++) {
+  for (uint8_t i = 0; i < KEY_PINS; i++) {
     pinMode(key_pins[i], INPUT);
   }
   pinMode(POWER_SUPPLY_CHECK_PIN, INPUT);
-  // Manual call, so we can set the initial state
-  powerStateChanged();
-  // Setup interrupt for power supply
-  attachInterrupt(POWER_SUPPLY_CHECK_PIN, []() { while (true); }, CHANGE);
 }
 
 // Main loop
 void loop() {
   // Find active arr pin
-  char curr_arr = findCurrentArrPin();  
+  int8_t active_key_group = getActiveKeyGroup();  
 
   // If none is active, we do nothing, else we check the keys
-  if (curr_arr >= 0) {
+  if (active_key_group >= 0) {
     // Get all the key values ans send the MIDI message if needed
-    unsigned char value;
+    uint8_t value;
     
-    for (unsigned char i = 0; i < KEY_PINS; i++) {
+    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < KEY_PINS; i++) {
+      // due to the circuitry, there is one phantom note above
+      // the highest key constantly 'playing'
+      // but we don't need to scan that far anyway 
+      if (active_key_group == KEY_GROUP_NUM-1 && i>0){
+        break;
+      }
       value = digitalReadFast(key_pins[i]);
       // If the key is pressed, we send a MIDI message and set the entry in the array
       // ! inverted
       if (value == LOW) { 
         // Check if the key is not already pressed
-        if (keys_pressed[curr_arr * 6 + i] == 0) {
+        if (keys_pressed[active_key_group * 6 + i] >= DEBOUNCE_TIMES) {
           // Send MIDI message
-          usbMIDI.sendNoteOn(mapToMidi(curr_arr, i), 127, 1);
+          usbMIDI.sendNoteOn(mapToMidi(active_key_group, i), 127, 1);
-          // Set the entry in the array
-          keys_pressed[curr_arr * 6 + i] = 1;
         }
+
+        // Set the entry in the array
+        keys_pressed[active_key_group * 6 + i] += keys_pressed[active_key_group * 6 + i] < 0xFF ? 1 : 0;
       } else {
         // Check if the key is not already released
-        if (keys_pressed[curr_arr * 6 + i] == 1) {
+        if (keys_pressed[active_key_group * 6 + i] < DEBOUNCE_TIMES) {
           // Send MIDI message
-          usbMIDI.sendNoteOff(mapToMidi(curr_arr, i), 0, 1);
+          usbMIDI.sendNoteOff(mapToMidi(active_key_group, i), 0, 1);
-          // Set the entry in the array
-          keys_pressed[curr_arr * 6 + i] = 0;
         }
+
+        // Set the entry in the array
+        keys_pressed[active_key_group * 6 + i] = 0;
       }
     }
   }
 
   // MIDI Controllers should discard incoming MIDI messages.
-  while (usbMIDI.read()) {
+  while (usbMIDI.read()) {}
+
+  // switch to next key group, if self powered
+  if (digitalReadFast(POWER_SUPPLY_CHECK_PIN) == LOW) {
+    nextSelfDrivePin();
   }
 }